Types of Computer(On the basis of Brand):
- IBM PC
- IBM Compatibles
- Apple Macintosh
IBM PC :
The computers that are manufactured by IBM are IBM PC. The full form of IBM is International Business Machine is one of the leading companies of the world manufacturing computers. It was established in 1924 and started manufacturing mainframe, mini and micro computer in 1945 on wards.
IBM Compatibles:
The computers that are manufactured by other computer manufacturing companies but having the same technology and features are known as IBM Compatibles. Examples are AST, ALR, Sherry, etc.
Apple Macintosh :
The computers that are manufactured by Apple Company but having different architecture and configuration than IBM Compatibles are known as Apple Macintosh. Apple Company was established in late 1970s and giving a good competition to IBM company.
Types ( Model)
There are three types (model) of computer that are as follows:
- XT Computers (Extended Technology)
- AT Computers (Advanced Technology)
- PS/2 Computers (Personal System 2)
XT Computers :
The computers having 8086 or 8088 microprocessor and processing speed of 4.77 Mhz are known as XT Computers. These computers are outdated now because they cannot run on latest software versions.
AT Computers :
The computers having 80286 or later versions of microprocessors are known as AT Computers. Their storage capacity as well as speed is much higher than XT computers. Besides that they have math co-processor to support main processors to perform complex mathematical calculations.
PS/2 Computers:
IBM developed another model of computer in 1990 that have much advanced architecture design that AT computers. They are known as PS/2 computers. They are much faster than AT computers. Most of the laptop computers based on PS/2 model use OS/2 or UNIX operating system and 1.44 MB floppy diskette.
Impact of Computers on Society:
Computers have become important resources on today's society. They continue to grow and open new horizons of discovery and application such as the electronic office and the home computer center. They have strengthened man's powers in numerical computations and information processing and thereby increased the effectiveness of organizations. But they also have some negative impacts on society in issues such as privacy.
Positive Impact of Computers:
The positive impacts of computes are listed below:
- Computers are incredible learning tools. The student can use computers to access vast knowledge based on almost any topic, search archives of information and even take online courses. Computer communication provide new opportunities for distance learning.
- Computers and the Internet have been responsible for many positive changes that have taken places within society. The Internet forms a vast, web- like system around the world, through which computer can exchange information at high speed.
- Computers can be used for repetitive, time consuming, as well as dangerous jobs.
- The computer professionals are accepted in the international market as valuable workers and have a greater earning potential.
Negative Impacts of Computers:
The negative impacts of computers are listed below:
- Computerization may result in reduction of clerical type of jobs.
- Failure of a computer system would be potentially disastrous for a business.
- Computers have led to increased opportunities for criminal activity such as fraud or theft of data.
- Computers have also led to health and safety problems.
- Security is one of the most prominent negative effect which emerges with the use of technology. The criminal element in society found various ways to exploit & harm others by using computer and the Internet as a weapon instead of tool it was designed to be used.
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